This is a fairly frequent question from overhead crane owners. Let’s split it into two parts: (a) manufacture of the crane; (b) ownership and operation. The crane builder and seller is responsible to deliver you a crane that meets all applicable federal, state, and local law, plus whatever more stringent requirements are put in the contract for sale. The owner is required to maintain the crane in a state of good repair that meets all applicable federal, state, and local laws, plus and private agreements such as those with a labor union or building lessor.
In either case, federal law is the first place to look. This is usually OSHA 1910.179 “Overhead & Gantry Cranes”, but there are also OSHA chapters that incorporate manufacturer and consensus standards by reference, plus the OSHA general duty clause. One standard in particular that is incorporated by reference is ASME B30.2 “Overhead and Gantry Cranes Top Running…”, but it is important to realize there are many standards, some quite obscure, that are incorporated. There are also layers of incorporated standards, such as those found in ASME B30.2. All of this is relevant.
The constitution allows states to make laws for things that are not specifically reserved for the federal level of lawmaking, and certain states and municipalities have more stringent regulations than the feds. California and Washington come to mind, as does Cook County, Illinois (Chicago). Overhead cranes, gantry cranes, and hoists in those jurisdictions are subject to more stringent rules such as load testing and electrical certification.
This may seem confusing, and even an expert can sometimes be puzzled. Here are a couple of shortcuts: (1) call the manufacturer, have the serial number handy; (2) call the local service company; (3) Write to rule-making groups such as OSHA or ASME; (4) drop us a line by email or phone.